Geology

Geology is the scientific study of the Earth, including its structure, composition, processes, and history. It encompasses the examination of rocks, minerals, and fossils, as well as the forces that shape the planet over time, such as tectonic movements, erosion, and sedimentation. Geologists analyze the physical and chemical properties of Earth materials to understand the processes that have led to various geological formations and landscape changes. The discipline also investigates the Earth’s crust and its layers, the formation of mountains, valleys, and other landforms, and the history of life as recorded in the rock strata. Geology plays a critical role in natural resource management, environmental assessment, and understanding natural hazards like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.